反语的认知失衡性探谮

本文首先简要回顾了反语研究的现状,指出以往的理论存在一个共同的问题——不能构成反语形成机制的充分必要条件,容易导致反语的概念无限扩大化。因此本文从认知语用的角度,侧重探讨反语的诱发条件、区分机制及本质特征,进而得出结论:反语的识别与理解应是一个复杂的认知-语用推理过程。其生成涉及三个变量:再次提及期望Cs^;隐性的展示言者的期望?;交际双方共识的反语语境。认知心理失衡是反语的诱发因素,而言语内部的失衡则是反语的本质特征。本文最后以言语失衡性特征作为基点,以关联原则为导向,尝试建立一个反语的交际模式,试图以求最佳、最简地解释反语。

Research on Cognitive Imbalance of Irony

This paper first conducts a survey on the past theories about irony and holds that all of them fail to explain irony completely,resulting in the over-generalization of this concept.Therefore it intends to have a deep discussion on the motivation of irony,criteria to distinguish irony and non-irony and its characteristics from a cognitive pragmatic perspective.And then conclusions are smoothly drawn that the identification and understanding of irony is a complicated cognitive-pragmatic inferential mechanism in which the imbalance in cognitive mind is activated as motivation to create irony.On the basis of cognitive imbalance and guided by the relevance theory,this paper attempts to establish a communicative mode to explain and understand irony in a better way.