"超现实"的几种含义辨析

"超现实"是20世纪文学批评常用的术语,人们往往将本来在艺术风格上差异极大的作家作品都以"超现实"冠之,这就给"超现实"赋予了不同的含义。其实,布勒东的"超现实"指的是不受理性控制的,表现个体生命绝对真实的欲望、冲动、潜意识等非理性倾向;卡夫卡的"超现实"指的是作品中怪诞的世界以及变形的手法,它既有反逻辑的特点,又不失理性追求;艾特玛托夫的"超现实"指的是作品所描述的高于现实的理想世界,它既符合逻辑,又富于理性。

On implication of "Super-realism"

"Superrealism"is a commonly used term for the 20th century literary criticism. During this period, a lot of writers' works have been entitled "superrealism" although their writing styles are very different, and thus "superrealism" is endowed with a lot of different implications. Taking the literary works of Kafka and Aitmatov as examples. The author of this paper points out that Breton's "superrealism" refers to the absolutely true irrational inclinations of individual life such as desire, impulse and subconsciousness,etc,and they are not controlled by one's rationalism;Kafka's works include the weird world and his misshaped writing styles. which is on the one hand anti-logical but on the other hand is in pursuit of rationalism; Aitmatov's world is about the ideal world which is beyond the reality,and it is both logical and rational.