后期维特根斯坦对哲学病的探究

维特根斯坦是自康德以来西方哲学史上对哲学的性质问题作深入思考的又一位重要哲学家。他在后期哲学中认为 ,以往哲学总是采取心理主义或本质主义的单一固定模式来理解日常语言 ,结果导致了哲学语言的痼疾。基于此 ,哲学的任务是 :既要全面了解日常语言所描述的问题 ,获得“全貌概观” ,又要依照某种具体情境 ,对日常语言停留在“家族相似”层面上的理解 ,以还日常语言丰富和真实的“游戏”本色。

Later Wittgenstein's Research on the Disease of Philosophy

In the history of philosophy, Wittgenstein is another influential figure who has pondered the problem of the essence of philosophy since Kant. In his later philosophy, Wittgenstein thought that previous philosophers had always understood ordinary language by the simple pattern of psychologism or essentialism, which resulted in the intrinsic disease of philosophical language. Thus, the task of philosophy is to know comprehensively the problem that ordinary language involves so as to attain "ubersicht" and to understand ordinary language at the level of "family similarity" according to certain specific context, which will make ordinary language return to its affluent and real nature of "game".