政治发展理论的思想史根源剖析

政治发展研究虽然是在20世纪才成为政治学理论中的重大领域,但其重要的基本理念与方法论因素却是自中世纪以来的西方政治思想史数百年来积累的成果。不同的学者对于一般政治发展进程所作的理论概括都各有差异,然而种种政治发展理论大都可以归纳到制度理性化与文化世俗化两个方面。自阿奎那以来,包括洛克、斯宾诺莎、孟德斯鸠、托克维尔以及韦伯在内的西方政治思想家,其思想无不体现在理性化与世俗化两个重要方面。

The Political Development Theories and Their Budding in the History of Thought:An Analytical Approach

Although the political development theories became one of the major study areas only in the second half of the 20~(th) century, the basic important ideas and methodological factors have been spoken their own importance for the past centuries in the history of the political thought. It is true that different scholars approached the political development in very different ways, but the main dimensions remain the same: the institutional rationalization and the secularization of the culture. Great thinkers including Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, Spinoza and so on through Max Weber made essential contributions to the two respects under consideration.