民族主义·民族国家·社会主义

从世界历史的角度看,"工业化"和"现代化"的一般与特殊决定了今天人们所说的"全球化"不仅不会消除民族国家和民族主义,而且还必然会在不同的形式上使之强化。民族主义、民族国家与社会主义之间关系的复杂性就缘于此。一方面,社会主义与民族主义在其出发点、总体发展过程、核心价值观念以及最终目标等方面不同,故在一定的条件下会发生冲突;另一方面,在许多具体的场合下它们在其阶段性目标、具体的发展理念和行为活动等方面又有相通之处。迄今为止,当社会主义作为一种制度或国家形态而存在的时候,其所涵盖的内容就不仅仅是社会主义的了。其中,有三个主要因素:占支配地位的社会主义因素,具有深厚的存在根基的民族主义因素,国家管理及其对外交往活动中的部分非意识形态因素。一般说来,只要这三者"各司其职",处于一种相对平衡状态,作为制度的社会主义国家就能够顺利发展,反之则不然。

Nationalism,Nation-state and Socialism

From the perspectives of world history,generality and particularity of "industrialization" and "modernization" determine that globalization not only will not eliminate nation-state and nationalism,but also will strengthen them in different ways.The complexity of relationships among nationalism,nation-state and socialism is due to it.On one side,there are differences between socialism and nationalism on starting point,development process,value concept and final goal,so they will conflict under certain conditions.On the other side,on some specific occasions,they also have phased goal,specific development idea and behavior activity in common.At least,so far,socialism as a state system and state pattern,will include more contents than socialism among which there are three main factors:dominating socialist factors,nationalist factors with a strong foundation,national management and non-ideological factors in diplomatic activity.Generally speaking,As long as the three "carry out their duties" and will be in a relatively balanced state,socialist country as a state system can develop smoothly,and vice versa.