上海话“辣海”的语源及虚化特征的比较研究

"辣海"是上海话中一个重要的体标记词,本文通过跟邻近的江淮泰如片方言之间的比较研究,考察其来源及作为体标记的虚化过程。"辣海"的"辣"本字不是"在",也不是"来",而是南方汉语方言的一个自源词;"海"的本字为"许",存在着不同的读音层次,"辣海"作为体标记在吴语中分别表示动作的进行和状态的持续,在泰如片方言主要表示状态的持续。"在下"是"辣海"在泰如方言进一步虚化的产物,具有半虚化的体标记特征。

A study of the etymology of lahai as a tense marker in Shanghai dialect and its grammaticalization

Lahai is an important tense marker in Shanghai dialect.By comparing it with Tairu dialect,this paper explores its etymology and its grammaticalization evolution.The equivalence of lain mandarin Chinese is neither zai(在) nor lai(来).Instead lais a slang in the southern Chinese dialect.The equivalence of hai in mandarin Chinese is xu and it has different pronunciations in different contexts.Lahai is a marker of the progressive and continuous tense in the wu dialect,and the continuous tense in Tairu dialect.Lahai evolves into zaixia,a more functional word in Tairu dialect.