喜马拉雅山区宗教的生态分布

喜马拉雅山区分布着信仰不一、文化各异的大小数十个民族,其共同地域生态催生并整合出山地民族宗教文化的相似性特征(如宗教认知中强烈的山地空间感,与山地环境相关联的神圣观念,热身色彩的仪式活动),从而形成独一无二的环喜马拉雅宗教文化圈。喜马拉雅山区范围内的地域性差异导致宗教文化的多样性分布。主要表现为原始宗教(万物有灵信仰等)、体系化宗教(藏传佛教等)及介于二者之间的过渡型宗教(如萨满教、本教)等三种类型的宗教生态分布。

The Ecological Distribution of Religions in the Himalayas

The common regional ecological conditions of dozens of ethnic groups distributed in the Himalayas with various cultures and religious beliefs expedite the forming of the similarities of religious cultures in the mountain region (such as the strong sense of space of the mountain region in the religious recognition: the sacred concept related to the mountainous environment; and some warm-up rituals), thus creating an unique religious and cultural circle in the Himalayas. The diversified distribution of the religious cultures in the Himalayas, caused by the regional differences, is mainly represented by three types of religions, i.e. the primitive religion (the belief of all things having souls); the systemized religions (the Tibetan Buddhism) and some transitional religions (Shamanism).