评张戒尊杜抑黄论

江西诗派标举祖述杜甫,张戒便尊杜以抑黄。尊杜则美其为代圣人立言。抑黄数端为喜用俗语但费安排,不如杜甫自胸中流出而自然;学杜甫只专注于其诗格律,未求得其精髓;用事押韵登峰造极,失诗言志之本;专以补缀奇字,败坏了诗风;韵度矜持、冶容太甚,是邪思之尤者。论诗尚情、意、味、韵、气,提出自然成诗之说;反对以书本材料为诗,反对预设法式。对张戒以上观点,本论一一作了辩证的分析评价。

Comments on ZhangJie's theory of extolling Du Fu to detract from Huang Tingjian

The Jiangxi School of poetry respected Dufu as the ancestor,and Zhangjie extolled Dufu＇s poems to detract from Huangtingjian＇s.He remarked that Dufu asserted ideas on behalf of a sage while Huang＇s preferring proverbs was time-consuming;Huang＇ s poems were not fluent and natural enough as Du＇s;Huang only focused on the rhythm while imitating Du＇ poems and failed to attain his quintessences.Excessive use of allusion and odd words,and overemphasis on strict rhythm and decoration led to the loss of poetic style and function and rendered his poems finicky and frivolous.He insisted that poems be appreciated from different angles such as feeling,meaning,flavor and rhythm,and came up with the theory that poem comes out naturally rather than being composed on materials from books or presupposed patterns.These views have been examined and analyzed dialectically in the paper.