论狂欢理论的宗教性

狂欢节是欧洲宗教节日的一部分,在《圣经》中有所记载。从古希腊和中世纪的宗教活动,可看出狂欢节起源的宗教意义;巴赫金本人的世界观具有宗教性,由狂欢节衍生的狂欢理论起源于宗教仪式,如酒神狄奥尼索斯的庆祭仪式。在狂欢理论萌芽、产生、发展和成熟的过程中,始终受到中世纪宗教环境的束缚,洋溢着浓厚的宗教色彩。狂欢理论的思想渊源、叙事方法、表现内容、精神诉求,都可以找到宗教仪式的影子,所以狂欢节自始至终都不仅仅是一种纯娱乐的活动,而是城邦政治生活和宗教生活的一部分,狂欢理论也是西方古希腊、中世纪宗教哲学的衍生物,只不过是在当代由于时代和社会的原因,日益淡化了隐含其间的宗教色彩。

The Religion of the of Carnival Theory

Carnival is part of the European holydays and recorded in the Bible.Religious significance of the carnival's root can be seen from the religious activities of the Middle Ages and ancient Greece.Bakhtin's world view is provided with religion,and the theory of revel which the carnival gave birth to came from ritual,such as Bacchus Dionysus' cult ceremony.In the process of the germination,appearance,development and maturation,the theory of revel was fettered by the religion environment of the Middle Ages and had strong religious characteristic.The source,method of narration,content and spirit desire of the theory of revel all can find their expression in religious ceremony.So from beginning to end,carnival is not only a purely entertaining activity,but part of city-state political life and religious life.The theory of revel is also the ramification of religious philosophy of the Old Greece and the Middle Ages.However,because of the times and society in the present age,carnival has dimmed its religious characteristic day by day.