明清主流诗学的转移——论王渔洋对明代七子派的继承

明代七子派与清初王渔洋之间的传承关系是文学史上的一桩公案,前人有“清秀李于麟”之说。实际上,王渔洋所继承的不是七子派中的主流一脉,而是崇尚古澹的非主流一支。从诗学主张上讲,神韵取代格调乃是实现了古典诗学的三大转移,即:一,创作题材由社会生活转向自然山水;二,诗歌内容由关心国家、社稷转向关注个人性情;三,诗学价值观由社会功用转向艺术审美。

Transformation of the Mainstream Poetics in the Ming-Ch'ing Period--On the Inheritance of Wang Yu-yang from the Group of Seven Poets in the Ming Dynasty

The relation between the Group of Seven Poets in the Ming Dynasty and Wang Yu-yang in the early Ch'ing dynasty remains a mystery in the history of Chinese literature.Actually,Wang Yu-yang succeeded not the main stream of the Group of Seven Poets,but a tributary of it.Judging from poetical opinions,the substitution of romantic charm for style means three kinds of transformation:firstly,the subject,from social life to natural scene;secondly,the content,from concern for national establishment to individual disposition;thirdly,the poetical values,from social functions to the aesthetics.