俄罗斯联邦民族文化自治政策的实施及意义

肇始于19世纪的民族文化自治思想因背负资本主义骂名而遭到苏共的封杀。苏联解体后,俄罗斯联邦主要为了满足境内散居民族成员保存和发展自身语言及文化的需求,从1996年开始正式将"民族文化自治"作为调节本国民族关系的一项重要制度。该制度在俄罗斯联邦的实施,不仅是对其区域自治制度的一种补充,也对保护少数民族的文化权益、营造和谐的社会氛围及公民社会的构建等有着积极的现实意义。

Implementation and Significance of National-Cultural Autonomy Policy in the Russian Federation

The theory of National-Cultural Autonomy (NCA) originated in the 19th Century was banned in the Soviet Union era because it was labeled as Capitalistic stain. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, NCA was officially adopted as critical infrastructure of adjusting domestic national relationships in order to meet all domestic Diasporas’s requirements for maintaining their cultural-linguistic identities and the sense of community. NCA as a different policy model from territorial autonomy, its theory and experiment in Russia, is extremely important for academics and practitioners.