委托人、顾客还是公民——加拿大地方政府公共行政的三种模式

加拿大地方政府的公共行政存在三种模式,即官僚制模式、市场化模式和公民权力模式。目前,加拿大地方政府的组织形态正在从传统官僚制模式向后官僚制演变,且在市场化模式和公民权力模式这两种基于完全不同的假设和价值的模式之间徘徊。地方政府改革应该更多地接纳公民权力模式。在民主制之下,地方政府的首要职责是与公民社会一起做出政治决策,并通过民主过程充分地执行这些决策。

Client, Customer or Citizen: Three Models of Public Administration in Canada's Local Governments

There are basically three models in Canada's local public administration,i.e.bureaucratic model,market model,and citizenship model.Currendy,Canada's local public organizations are experiencing a remarkable shift from traditional bureaucracy to post-bureaucracy,yet during this process the pendulum still swings between market model and citizenship model which are based on utterly distinct assumptions and values.It is suggested that citizenship model should be more accepted than ever before,which is justified by the primary responsibility of local governments under democracy to make political decisions together with civil society and fully implement them via democratic process.