中美高校学生管理手段差异分析

在以往研究的基础上,结合中美两国学生管理最新发展动态,从管理手段的视角考察中美两国学生管理的差异,发现在法律手段、行政手段和专业手段3个维度上中美两国学生管理手段差异性比较明显,美国学生事务管理手段体现出法治化、专业化的特点,而我国学生管理手段更多地表现出行政特色。造成这些差异的主要因素在于两国的学生管理观的不同。在此基础上对完善我国高校学生管理提出3条建议,即转变学生管理理念,变＂管制＂学生为＂服务＂学生;完善学生管理的法律法规,提高法制意识,弱化行政导向;学习美国学生事务管理的专业化手段。

Gap Analysis of the Methods of Student Management in Chinese and American Colleges and Universities

Base on the previous studies and the latest developments, this article explores the differences of the methods of student management in Chinese and American colleges and universities. We find that the differ- ences show themselves in three dimensions, namely legal means, administrative means and professional means. American colleges usually use legal and specialized methods in student management while their Chi- nese counterparts rely more on administrative methods. The dissimilarities result from the different views of student management in the two countries. Accordingly, we suggest that our view of student management should be shifted from controlling students to serving them, the rules and regulations about student affairs should be improved by enhancing our legal awareness and weakening the role of administration, and specialized means should be employed in student management as in American universities.