唐代的因灾虑囚

因灾虑囚是统治阶级消弭灾害的重要措施,它源于"天人感应"的"灾害天谴"论。唐代因灾虑囚主要有皇帝亲虑、遣使虑囚、州县自虑等几种形式,它客观上可以清理冤狱淹狱,改善狱政吏治,有利于缓解社会矛盾,安定人心和社会秩序。

The Measure of "Yin Zai Lu Qiu"in the Tang Dynasty

Yin Zai Lu Qiu,an essential measure taken by the ruling class in ancient China to eliminate the menace of calamities,originated from the "theory of Calamity Punishments by Nature" of "Interaction between Man and Nature."The measure of Yin Zai Lu Qiu in the Tang dynasty was mainly adopted by the emperors to absolve the prisoners from guilt.There were also forms adopted by assigning officials to absolve,or states and counties governed on their own,and so on.On the one hand,the measure could objectively reverse the unjust verdicts and better the rules and regulations of the prisons;on the other hand,it could alleviate the social contradictions,reassure the public and maintain social order.