空巢老年人健康状况实证研究及政策建议——福州市社区空巢老年人健康状况调查

本研究采用分层整群抽取福州市鼓楼、台江、仓山三个区60岁及以上的社区老年人,采用入户调查方法调查了空巢老人躯体健康、生活自理能力(ADL)、经济状况、精神健康、社会健康5个维度的健康状况及其影响因素。本研究提示了福州市社区空巢老年人占老年人总体比例的39%,其中男性多于女性,由logistic检验得出空巢老年人健康状况受年龄、性别、原职业、是否赞成非家庭养老方式、锻炼程度等因素的影响,并提出改善空巢老年人的健康状况的对策建议。

Study on Health Status of Empty-nested Elderly People and Policy Suggestions: An Investigation in Fuzhou

Objective To better understand the health status and its influential factors of empty-nested elderly people in Fuzhou city,and provide scientific foundation for the work for elderly people.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,we investigated 1767 people aged 60 and over living in Gulou,Taijiang and Cangshan districts of Fuzhou city from the perspectives of health status(including physical health,activities of daily living,economic status,mental health and social health) and the related influential factors.Results The study shows that the empty-nested elderly people account for 39% of all the elderly people in Fuzhou,and more male than female.Through logistic-testing we find the health status of them is affected by age,gender,original occupation,the attitude to family support of the elderly and proper physical exercises.Conclusion Forming good living and eating habit,preventing and treating of chronic diseases,enriching the mental and social life,enhancing the economic support,and perfecting the service for elderly people in communities are useful to improve the health status of the empty-nest elderly people.