试论十三世达赖喇嘛的西藏地方近代教育改革

19世纪末20世纪初,世界主要资本主义国家掀起了瓜分中国的狂潮,位于祖国西南边陲的西藏由于其战略位置的重要性,成为英、俄等帝国主义国家角逐的重要对象.西藏在1888、1904年的两次抗英斗争中均以失败告终,作为西藏地方政教领袖的十三世达赖喇嘛被迫两度出走.在两次出走内地和印度的过程中,他亲眼目睹了内地和英国在印度的近代化设施,再加之受"教育救国"思潮和张荫棠、联豫在西藏推行近代教育改革的影响,为改变西藏传统教育与现实社会发展不相适应的矛盾,巩固自己的统治,十三世达赖喇嘛在西藏地方推行近代教育改革,并取得了一定的成绩.

The 13th Dalai Lama's Modern Education Reform in Tibet

From the end of 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century,main capitalist countries set off to split China crazily.Because of importance of its strategy position,Tibet,lies in southwest of China,became one of their important aims,which imperialist countries such as England,Russia tried to invade.England defeated Tibet in 1888 and 1904.In this case,the 13th Dalai Lama was forced to go out twice to seek domestic and abroad supports.When he went to Chinese inland and India,the 13th Dalai Lama was influ...