合作社带动农村产业融合的政策、动力与实现机制

推进农村产业融合是发展现代农业的必由之路,而探讨以合作社为载体的农村内生性产业融合模式,对于提升农业产出效率、繁荣农村经济和促进乡村振兴具有重要意义和价值。通过对改革开放以来合作社带动产业融合相关政策的梳理发现,合作社依次经历了初期起步及产业破壁阶段、快速发展与农业产业化阶段、发展壮大与带动农村一二三产业融合阶段。在具体实践中,农业多功能开发、小农户与现代农业衔接、经济良性循环、跨界经营等需求都对合作社带动农村产业融合提供了现实动力,合作社也展现出了资源整合、社会服务和公信力增强等优势,并探索形成了农业内部技术融合、纵向一体化经营融合、现代农业与旅游业融合、农业生态旅游和文化创意产业融合模式。针对目前合作社所面临的规模小、资金少、创意不足等问题,建议从鼓励合作社向综合和联合方向发展、改善合作社融资渠道、挖掘当地特色文化等方面着手构建合作社带动农村产业融合的实现机制。

Policies,Motives and Realization Mechanisms of Cooperatives Promoting the Integration of Rural Industries

Promoting the integration of rural industries is the only way to develop modern agriculture. It is of great significance and value to explore the rural endogenous industry integration model with cooperatives as the carrier for improving agricultural output efficiency,prospering rural economy and promoting rural revitalization.Through the combing of policies related to industrial integration driven by cooperatives since the reform and opening up,this paper finds the cooperatives have experienced the initial stage of start up and industrial break off,rapid development stage and agricultural industrialization,growth stage and the integration of rural industries.In practice,the needs of multi functional development of agriculture,the connection between small farmers and modern agriculture,the virtuous circle of economy,and cross border management all provide real impetus for cooperatives to promote the integration of rural industries.Cooperatives also show the advantages of resource integration,social services and credibility,and form the models of agricultural internal technology integration,vertical management integration,modern agriculture and tourism integration,agro ecological tourism and cultural and creative industries integration.In view of the issues of small scale,low capital,and insufficient creativity,this paper suggests to start the construction of cooperatives to promote the integration of rural industries from the aspects of encouraging cooperatives to develop in a comprehensive and joint direction,improve the financing channels,and tap local cultural characteristics.