《农学报》中的生态思想探析

19世纪，中国现代化进程逐步启动，国外知识经验不断涌入，《农学报》在世纪末应运而生。当时人积极关注经济社会发展与生态环境的关系及发展可持续性问题，开展了许多思考和知识引进工作。他们强劲延续以往生态思想重在利用的主要方面，也浸染着现代社会更充分利用自然的理念、技术观点和竞争意识。《农学报》刊载的本国著述和译著有着诸多观点耦合，强调兴利求富的生产目标，对生态环境承载力、当时的人口增长和用化学方法实现合理农业持乐观态度，看重林业建设的直接经济利益并形成树种选择、林木抚育等方面的相应观点，要求增强社会治理能力以适应利用、保护自然之需。至于克服其中片面、机械的成份，容纳更多的生态保护内容以促进可持续发展，则是以后长期的任务。

Research on Ecological Thought on Nong Xue Bao

Nong Xue Bao (The Agricultural Bulletin) came into being with the influx of western scientific knowledge into China in the process of modernization at the end of the 19th century. At that time, there was a growing awareness of the interdependence between social development and change of natural environment. With more and more attentions being paid to environmental issues and development sustainability, some forerunners introduced relevant western knowledge in this regard into China. They started adopting thought, technology and contest idea about exploiting natural resources deeply, while sticking to the traditional emphasis on the pragmatic side of the ecological knowledge. There had been a remarkable convergence of ideas between the articles published in Nong Xue Bao and the translation works it introduced, such as emphasizing the objective of promoting prosperity. They also shared a common optimistic attitude towards the sustainability of environment, the current population growth and the potential benefits that chemicals may bring to farming. In addition, they emphasized direct economic interests of forestry with corresponding points about planting forest and selection of tree types. They urged that necessary reformation should be undertaken in order to enhance the ability of social governance to protect nature and exploit natural resources. Finally, there remained a long way to sustainable development to overcome the negative thoughts and expand knowledge on environmental protection.