明代乡村地域单位的主要类型及其作用考述

本文以都、保、区、里、社、屯等为重点,考述了明代乡级以下地域单位的主要类型、存在地区、历史渊源、相互关系以及它们与里甲组织之间的关系。澄清了目前明史界的某些误解,并在此基础上进一步指出,在乡之下的“都”这一早在宋元时代就已定型的地域单位,是解决明初里甲编制中存在的人户标准与自然村落之间矛盾的关键之一。

The Main Kinds of County Region Unit and Their Functions

This article points out the main kinds of under-county region unit in Ming Dynasty, the exiting region ,historical source, mutual relations and the relations between them and Li Jia. Authors correct some misunderstanding in current Ming history field. On this base, they also argue that "capital"which has come into being during the Song and Yuan dynasty, is one of the crux of solve the contradiction between family standard and natural village in Li Jia.