论马克思生态哲学的自然生态原理

说马克思创立了生态哲学,主要在于马克思确立了这一哲学的主要生态原理:其一,马克思从人与自然存在物互为对象,以及人在与自然界关系中的能动作用出发,创立了人与自然界的辩证生态整体论;其二,他从批判资本主义生产导致的物质变换(新陈代谢)的断裂,间接揭示了自然事物之间、人与自然之间存在着的生态循环、生态平衡原理,这是生态哲学的基本原理;其三,马克思的整个理论目标,是自然生态与社会生态双重实现,这是他的目标方向原理。这三个方面是马克思自然生态哲学的理论基石,它为全人类解救生态危机、开辟生态文明新时代奠定了自然生态理论基础。

On the Natural Ecological Principles of Marx's Philosophy of Ecology

Marx is considered the founder of ecological philosophy in that Marx established the main ecological principle of this philosophy： First, from the inter--object relationship between human and natural existence, as well as the dynamic role that human showed in relationship between human and nature, Marx founded the dialectical ecological holism about human and nature. Second, by critizing capitalist production which resulted in fracture in material transformation （metabolism）, indirectly Marx founded the principle of ecological cycle and ecological balance that exist in nature between things, and between man and nature. These are the basic principles of ecological philosophy. Third, the whole theory of Marx＇s goal is dual realization of the natural ecology and social ecology, and that is his directional goal principle. These three aspects are the cornerstone of Marx＇s theory of natural ecological philosophy, which has laid the theoretical foundation of natural ecology for all mankind to save the ecological crisis and open up a new era of ecological civilization.