月神崇拜与方仙信仰——方仙说产生于古黄县新证

在史前先民的信仰中,月亮有自我发育和自我更新的神力,月神因而成为生命之神。上古时代胶东半岛西北隅活跃着以黾类为图腾的月族,即嬴姓的莱夷以及黄人和弦人。莱都归城,归城实即“鬼城”、“巫觋之城”、“月亮之城”。归城南侧的莱山,是莱夷巫觋祭月,将人之亡魂送归月亮以求能像月亮一样永生的神山。最早的一批方士正是从归城一带的巫觋中蜕变而来。其根据是,莱地月神崇拜有悠久的历史和传统,而灵魂不死的观念来源于月神崇拜;莱人很早就有航海活动,早期方仙神话中的海中三座仙山(岛),其得名都与莱夷以及月神崇拜有关;海市蜃楼的奇观胜景自古以胶东半岛西北海隅最为常见;莱地近齐,春秋末叶以降地属齐国,邹衍学说风靡于世,莱地自应得风气之先。

The Worship of the Moon God & the Belief in the Necromancers and Gods——A New Proof that the Theory of the Necromancers and Gods Emerged in Old Huang County

In ancient times in the northwest part of Jiaodong Peninsular, animated a moon-clan with a toad as its totem, that is the Lai people named Ying, an extermination of an entire family, and Huang people and Xuan people, who came from Lai area. The capital of Lai was called Returning City--"City of Ghosts and Gods", "City of sorcerers and sorceresses", "City of the Moon". The Mt. Lai in the south to the city was a God Mountain where those people used to hold a memorial ceremony for the Moon. They sent the dead souls lack to the moon to hope them to live forever as the moon. The past of earliest necromancers transformed from the sorcerers and sorceresses around the "Returning City".