如何提高巧实力和整体外交能力——基于机会成本和边际效应的视角

国际政治中对于权力内涵的认识是一个不断演进的过程,从国家实力到硬实力、软实力,再到巧实力。这不仅反映了国际体系的变化和发展,也意味着一国整体外交能力建设应该不断纳入新的因素。但如何优化组合这些因素,以提升一国的巧实力和整体外交能力,目前尚缺乏明确的原则。经济学中的机会成本和边际效应,包括消费的边际效用递减效应和生产要素投入边际产出递减效应等视角,可以在确定外部挑战和机遇、加强整体外交能力的软硬实力基础,以及提升巧实力方面发挥重要指导作用。

How to Increase Smart Power and General Foreign Policy Capability -A perspective based on opportunity cost and marginal effect

There are different dimensions to understand national power, from hard power, soft power to smart power. This reflects not only the change and development of international system, but also the new factors to be integrated into a country＇ s building of general foreign policy capability. On how to combine these factors and improve a country＇ s smart power, there are not clear principles yet. Opportunity cost and marginal effect, the concepts of economics, can be instrumental to define external challenges and opportunities, strengthen the hard and soft power basis for general foreign policy capability and improve smart power.