对照辞格中对立面的认知意义初探

认知语言学要通过语言分析来解释隐藏其后的认知规律，这一规律就是语言形成的认知过程。在我国的修辞学研究中，认知被深入地运用于隐喻的研究中，而鲜用于其它修辞格。本文以认知语言学的视角，对对照辞格的对立面的认知意义进行分析。对照辞格的对立面互为前提形成新的认知语境，具有常规范型的关系并相互制约。对立面涉及两种认知域，说话人常侧重于一方并要求听话人注意他的侧重点与倾向。对立面具有信息性与规劝性特征，满足修辞话语的需要。

A Rough Probe into the Cognitive Value of the Opposites in Antithesis

Cognitive linguistics is to reveal the cognitive law behind language through linguistic analysis. This law is the cognitive process in which language forms. In the study of rhetoric, great attention has been paid by Chinese scholars to the study of metaphor, while little to other rhetorical devices. In perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper endeavors to analyze the cognitive values of the opposites in antithesis. Antithesis has the value of cognition. In an antithesis the opposites could give presuppositions to each other to form a new cognitive context and they have stereotypical relation and constrain each other. The opposites refer to two cognitive domains and the speaker may often lay stress on one side and expects the listener to notice it. The opposites have the features of being informative and persuasive.