“社区嵌入”与农民专业合作社的发展

使用嵌入性理论,从资源禀赋和社区治理两个维度出发,基于产业类型、组织结构和利益联结以及社区治理、社区文化和社区信任路径,解释合作社在乡村振兴战略实施的新形势下,依托社区资源实现产业振兴的内在逻辑,进而构建合作社“社区嵌入”的发展路径。运用上述分析框架分析贵州省麻江县蓝莓专业合作社的案例,发现当地社区的自然资源禀赋条件直接决定了当地农民专业合作社发展的产业选择,据此形成的不同产业使合作社在产业结构的嵌入中也有别于其他新型农业经营主体;同时,村庄治理形成的良好内部信任机制和村庄能人培育是合作社社区嵌入的重要内生动力。目前脱贫地区合作社发展尚未达到理想状态,未来更要重视合作社发展与当地资源禀赋条件和社区治理结构的嵌入性,依托禀赋定产业,培育能人促发展,同时适时开展联合发展,以实现农民专业合作社的提质增效。

Community Embeddedness and the Developing of Farmer Cooperative

Based on the Embeddedness Theory, along with resource endowment and community governance, this paper explained the internal logic of how cooperatives revitalize with industry type, organization structure, interest alliance, community culture and trust. Additionally, it constructed a development path of cooperative transformation under the new situation of implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Further case analysis in Majiang County showed that the industry of cooperative in this region is determined by local attributes and natural endowment. This trait further shapes its structural embeddedness in the industry, which is different from other agricultural entities. At the same time, trust and rural elites derived from effective community governance is also an important driving force for cooperatives. Currently, development of cooperatives in the poverty alleviation areas is far from ideal status. More importance should be attached to the linkage of cooperatives and community governance, as well as capable brains in the local. Cooperatives can also collaborate together to improve quality and efficiency of their development.