Development of a tool to measure holistic reflection in midwifery students and midwives |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, University Drive, Meadowbrook, Queensland, 4131, Australia;2. Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood Highway, Victoria, 3125, Australia;1. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;2. Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia;3. Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia;1. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia;2. School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia;3. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia;4. Clinical Excellence Queensland, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia;5. Maternity Choices Australia, Springwood, Queensland, 4127, Australia;1. University of Wollongong, Australia;2. School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Australia;1. Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia;2. College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Australia;3. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University and Western Health Partnership, Australia;1. Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia;2. Australian Catholic University, School of Nursing, Midwifery, and, Paramedicine, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia;3. University of Melbourne, Department of General Practice, Swanston St, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundHolistic reflection encompasses reflection as a continuum, incorporating critical reflection, reflexivity, critical thinking and a whole-of-person approach. The development of holistic reflection in midwifery students and midwives is rarely measured in a standardised way.AimTo develop and test a tool to measure holistic reflection in midwifery students and midwives, for use in pre-registration and post-graduate education, and research.DesignThe eight-step approach to tool development by DeVellis was followed with psychometric testing of data from a cross-sectional survey.ParticipantsMidwifery students (pre-registration and postgraduate), and midwifery alumni of an Australian university.MethodsDraft items (n = 84) were generated from review of the literature, qualitative research, and a theoretical model. An expert panel (n = 19) reviewed draft items resulting in 39 items. The survey included demographic details, the draft Holistic Reflection Assessment Tool, emotional intelligence subscale, and a social desirability scale. Participants repeated the online survey at two weeks to confirm test-retest reliability.ResultsThe 187 responses were received. Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed three factors accounting for 49% of variance. Internal consistency of the tool was high (α = .91) and test-retest reliability at two weeks (α = .93) demonstrated stability. There were low correlations between social desirability (r = .22, p < .001) and emotional intelligence (r = .21, p < .001) with the new holistic reflection scale.ConclusionsThe Holistic Reflection Assessment Tool is the first for midwifery. The tool was reliable, stable, and valid. Further research is warranted for criterion validity. |
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| Keywords: | Holistic reflection Critical reflection Midwifery Students Assessment Psychometric |
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