案例指导制度的方法论审视

从方法论视角审视我国案例指导制度,其司法运行可以分为查找法律、查寻基点案例、判断同类案件、提炼指导要点和解决待决案件等5个环节,在司法适用过程中,归纳推理、类比推理和演绎推理共同保障指导性案例适用的科学性和合理性,但是仍然不可避免在指导性案例形成过程中面临的解释法律和弥补法律漏洞方面的“合法性危机”,以及在指导性案例的效力、裁判规范的提取和同类案件判断等方面的困境。文章认为,应当全面提高指导性案例的整体质量、建立案例背离制度,并加大对司法人员的培训以完善和推动案例指导制度的运行。

Methodological Survey on Case Guidance System

From the methodological perspective, the judicial operation mechanism of Case Guidance System in China includes:finding the base case, analyzing the similar cases, refining guidance points, and resolving pending case. During the judicial applicable process, inductive reasoning, analogical reasoning in company with deductive reasoning ensure the science and rationality of the application of the Case Guidance System. However, there is crisis of legitimacy on the interpretation of the law and making up the legal loophole in the process of forming a guiding case. Meanwhile, there is also dilemma on the effectiveness of guiding case, the extraction of judgment articles and the analysis of similar cases. So, it should improve the quality of guiding case comprehensively, establish the legal system of case deviation and increase the training of judicial officers to improve and promote the operation of the Case Guidance System.