基于交通发展的武陵山片区旅游产业集聚机理及响应路径

区域交通改善是旅游产业集聚产生的基础和必要条件。传统经济地理学和新经济地理学及其整合，为研究区域交通发展与旅游产业集聚之间的关系提供了一定的研究范式。武陵山片区交通网络节点上发育出6个显著的旅游产业集聚区：张家界旅游集聚区、怀化旅游集聚区、凤凰-吉首-永顺旅游集聚区、恩施旅游集聚区、黔江-武隆旅游集聚区、铜仁旅游集聚区。从机理和路径解释：首先，区域交通发展对传统经济地理学分析框架中作为源区域因子的区位和资源禀赋产生影响，导致了初始的旅游产业集聚；然后，时空距离和感知距离被进一步压缩，影响到新经济地理分析框架中的金钱外部性、技术外部性以及空间成本，深层次改善了区域旅游产业集聚水平。未来，要依托交通集散枢纽，建设立体化、层次化的交通网络，以及统一的无障碍交通导向政策，以实现旅游产业集聚提质增效和可持续发展。

Agglomeration Mechanism and Response Path of Tourism Industry in Wuling Mountain Area Based on Transportation Development

Improvement of regional transportation is the basis and necessary condition of tourism industry agglomeration.Traditional economic geography and new economic geography and their integration provide a certain research paradigm for studying the relationship between regional transportation development and tourism industry agglomeration.So far six remarkable tourism industry agglomeration areas have been developed on the transportation network nodes in Wuling Mountain area,including Zhangjiajie,Huaihua,Fenghuang-Jishou-Yongshun,Enshi,Qianjiang-Wulong,and Tongren.This can be explained from the agglomeration mechanism and response path of tourism industry.First,development of regional transportation has an impact on the location and resource endowment as a source regional factor in the traditional economic geography analysis framework,resulting in the initial tourism industry agglomeration;then,the spatial-temporal distance and perceptual distance are further compressed,affecting money externalities,technological externalities and spatial costs in the new economic geography analysis framework and deeply improving regional tourism industry agglomeration.Relying on transportation hubs,we should build a dimensional and hierarchical transportation network in the future and carry out a unified,barrier-free,and traffic-oriented policy,so as to improve the quality and efficiency and realize sustainable development in tourism industry agglomeration.