宋代编例性质考论

宋代编例是将已有的判例编纂成集的立法活动,在中国古代判例法发展史上具有重要意义,但是学界对宋代编例的性质有所争议。宋代例、例册与编例共存,例是例册和编例的素材,先有例,后有例册,再有编例。宋代之前的判例法经历了从秦汉的比附到唐代确立例的地位,自宋代开始,例成了重要的法律形式之一,清代最终实现了律例合编。宋代编例在中国古代判例法发展历程中有其特殊的地位,是对例进行编修并将其上升为立法活动的过渡时期,可以发现宋代编例无论在体例、形式还是程序的视角中,其性质都属于立法活动。

Nature of Compiling Cases in Song Dynasty

The compilation of cases in the Song Dynasty is a legislative activity that compiles the existing cases into a collection,which is of great significance in the development history of ancient case law in China,but the nature of the compilation of cases in the Song Dynasty is controversial in the academic circles. In the Song Dynasty,reference books coexist with compilation of examples. Example books are the materials of compilation. The case law before the Song Dynasty experienced from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty to establish the status of cases. Since the Song Dynasty,cases became one of the important legal forms,and the Qing Dynasty finally realized the stable form of the combination of laws and cases. The compilation of cases in the Song Dynasty has its special position in the development of ancient case law in China. It is a transitional period from the compilation of cases to the legislative activities. By studying the style,form,procedure and other basic contents of the compilation of the Song Dynasty,comparing it horizontally with that of the Song Dynasty,and then vertically with that of other periods,we can find that the nature of the compilation of the Song Dynasty belongs to the legislative activity no matter in the perspective of style,form or procedure.