养老保险基金模式选择的人口学分析

从人口学角度看,养老保险基金的两种基本模式——现收现付制和基金制分别表现为时期平衡和队列平衡。退休者的生活消费均来源于在职职工创造的财富,因此,不仅现收现付制,而且基金制养老保险也体现了代际之间的再分配关系。人口老龄化、劳动力人口数量、人口素质和人口迁移是影响养老保险基金模式选择的主要人口因素。我们要综合考虑人口因素和经济因素来选择我国的养老保险基金模式。

A Demographic Analysis to the Choice of Pension Funding Methods

From the aspect of demography, the two basic methods of pension funds--pay-as-you-go system and funded system represent period balance and cohort balance respectively. Whether in pay-as-you-go system or funded system, the existence consumables of retirees are all derived from the wealth created by on-the-job workforce, hence, not only pay-as-you-go system but funded system pension scheme represents inter-generational redistribution. Aging, workforce, population quality and migration are the main population elements influence the choice of pension funding methods. In the choice of our country's pension funding method, we should consider both population elements and economic elements.