宫廷史与政治史研究的结合试论

宫廷史与政治史研究的结合,也可称之为是宫廷政治史研究,是从政治史的角度研究宫廷史,这一带有侧重点的研究,是对宫廷史研究的深化,也是对政治史研究的补充.以往的研究既不系统,也不深入,很有必要加强.宫廷政治史研究的必要性与其意义大致体现在以下三方面：1.古代王朝国家的皇家私属性,决定了古代政治史的研究必须紧密结合宫廷;2.宫廷事关国家大政,但又具有一定封闭性、私密性、独立性,外朝难于介入,因而国政的研究必须深入宫廷之中;3.宫廷事件、政治斗争引起政局变动,乃至影响王朝的更替,对历史的影响重大,有必要作系统研究.总之,中国古代史欲做全面、深入理解,需要宫廷政治史专门系统的研究.文中着重对宫廷政治史研究的主要内容,诸如：与国政相关的宫廷人物及其活动、事件,与国政相关的宫廷制度,与国政相关的皇室家法,以及每一方面对政治的影响作了分析.

On the Combination of Court History and Political History

The combination of court history and political history may also be called as the court study of political history, or the study of imperial history from a political point of view, which can not only deepen the study of court history, but also compliment the study of political history. In contrast, those previous studies are far from systematic and profound. Therefore, the necessity and significance of the court study of political his- tory can be understood as follows： firstly, in an ancient dynasty, the State was kind of royal private property, which determines that the study of political history should be closely associated that of the court; secondly, though clearly related to national politics, the Court has some closure, privacy, and independence, and thus national policy research must go deep into the Palace; thirdly, the events and political movements of the Palace, could even cause the change of dynasty, with profound impact on the development of history. In short, the comprehensive, in-depth understanding of the history of ancient China requires specialized systematic re- search in the political history of the Court, which may include the studies of court characters, court rules and regulations, royal domestic discipline associated with national policy, etc.