交易费用视角下林业联户经营形成机理分析

从资产专用性、交易频率和不确定性影响交易费用等3个维度分析了联户形成的内在机制,可以看出联户经营能有效降低交易次数,发挥成员多、消息广等优势,在林产品及林业生产资料市场上能以较低的成本寻求合适的交易对象,降低不确定性和外部交易费用。但不能忽视的是,与单户经营相比,联户增加了协调、运营等内部成本。最佳的联户规模在于其外部的边际收益等于其组织内部的边际成本的临界点。在此基础上,提出保持联户的适度规模、最大程度实现联户成员的同质化及选择性激励等提高联户经营稳定性的政策建议。

Analysis on the formation mechanism of the forestry joint household operations from the perspective of transaction costs

The internal mechanism for the formation of joint households is analyzed from three dimensions of asset specificity,transaction frequency and the impact of uncertainty on transaction costs.It is discovered that joint household operations can reduce the number of transaction times effectively,and it has advantages of many members and extensive news and so on,so it can find the right trading at a lower cost in the forest products and forestry production market,reduce uncertainty and transaction costs.However,it can not be ignored that joint household increases the internal cost of coordination,operation and so on compared with the single household operations.The best scale of joint household operations is the critical point of external marginal revenue equals its marginal cost within the organization.Accordingly the policies are proposed to maintain the scale of joint household,achieve homogeneity of joint household members,adopt selective incentives and so on to improve the operating stability of the joint households.