后备耕地资源区域差异分析及其政策启示

利用全国2000年后备耕地资源调查、历年土地利用变更调查和国土资源统计年鉴数据,分析2005年各省后备耕地资源分布与使用年限差异、开发利用的区域生态风险和开发成本差异。研究表明,全国省域的耕地占补平衡可能出现4种情况:(1)耕地补充远大于占用,可为其他地区提供补充耕地来源的省份;(2)耕地占补平衡已难实现,需要异地补充耕的省份;(3)未来很可能出现耕地异地补充需求的省份;(4)耕地占补平衡保障能力较好的省份。在此基础上提出构建阶段性、对象性的耕地异地占补政策,作为耕地占补平衡政策的有益补充。

Analysis of the difference in reserved cultivated land resource between regions and its reference for policy

Differences in distribution,service life,regional ecological risks of exploitation and utilization,and exploitation costs of reserved cultivated land resource among provinces in 2005 are analyzed according to data from a national survey of reserved cultivated land resource in 2000,investigation of dynamics of land use in the past years,and land resource statistics yearbook.The results show that there are four cases may appear in requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land in the provinces.(1) The provinces in which there is much more area of compensating cultivated land than that of the requisitioned are able to supply compensating cultivated land for other provinces.(2) The provinces which are not able to achieve requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land need compensation from other provinces.(3) Some provinces may demand compensation of cultivated land from other provinces in future.(4) Some provinces are well able to keep requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land.Accordingly it is proposed to work out the policy for requisition-compensation of cultivated land between different provinces in view of a certain object at a certain stage,which is taken as the favorable supplements of the policy of requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land.