要素投入、农地制度变迁对农业增长的影响——基于黑龙江省和山东省的比较分析

以黑龙江省和山东省1978—2010年农业数据为样本,实证分析了耕地面积、劳动力数量、化肥量、机械动力、家庭联产承包责任制以及土地流转政策对农业发展的影响,结果表明:土地、劳动力对农业增长的促进作用不太明显;化肥使用量能够带来农业增产增收,但在黑龙江省的效果不明显;机械动力能拉动农业增长,农业的科技含量逐年提高;家庭联产承包责任制在相当长的时间内,给农业带来了生机和活力;国家提出土地流转经营政策具有重大战略意义,土地流转经营能够带来劳动力的合理转移以及农业现代化水平的提高,但是不是所有的省份都适合推广这一政策,需要根据各个地区不同的情况斟酌使用。

The Impact of Factor Inputs,Agricultural Land System on Agricultural Growth Comparative Analysis Based on Heilongjiang Province and Shandong Province

This article takes Heilongjiang Province and Shandong Province agricultural data in 1978 - 2010 as samples, empirical analysis land, labor, fertilizer volume, mechanical power, the household contract re- sponsibility system and land transfer policies on agricultural development. Found that：effect of land and labor on agricultural growth are not obvious;fertilizer use can bring agricultural production, but the effect is not obvi- ous in Heilongjiang Province;mechanical power can promote agricultural growth, agricultural science and tech- nology increased year by year; household contract responsibility system can bring agriculture vigor and vitality in a period, with the acceleration of technological progress ; land transfer operating policies have strategic signif- icance, it can bring reasonable labor migration and raise the level of agricultural modernization, but not all provinces are suitable to promote this policy, it should be used in different situations of various regions.