不同政体下非政府组织的比较研究

在倡导"小政府、大社会"的国际大环境下,作为公民社会重要组成部分的非政府组织,以其独特的优势备受学者的青睐,并日渐成为公共管理领域研究的热点。以政体为切入点,对比研究了不同政体下非政府组织的发展。在传统型政体之下,非政府组织在基层社会得到了相对较大的生存空间,但封建君主在主观意志上是不愿意看到非政府组织过分强大的;在过渡型政体之下,社会处于转型之中,非政府组织成为舒缓社会矛盾的减压阀,政府希望借助非政府组织弥补政府在社会管理中的短板,但极力避免非政府组织参与政治活动;在现代型政体之中,非政府组织拥有了强大的社会民众基础,政府渐渐把一些原属于政府职责范围之内的事务转交非政府组织打理,相关法律法规的健全也为其发展提供了完备的制度环境。

The Comparative Study of NGOs under Different Regimes

In the international environment advocating the＂ small government, big society＂, non-govern- mental organizations （NGOs）, as an important part of the civil society, are favored by scholars with its unique advantages and are becoming a hotspot in research of public administration.Starting from a discussion of polity, a comparative study was carried out of the development of NGOs under different regimes.Under the traditional system of government, NGOs have been enjoying relatively larger living space in the basic level society although feudal monarchy is not willing to see them grow too strong; Under the transitional government system, NGOs tend to serve as the valve to relieve social contradictions. The government hopes to make up for their weak points in social management with the help of NGOs while trying hard to keep them from participating in politi- cal activities;and in the modern form of government, as NGOs boast a strong basis of society, the government are handing them some o sured by the perfection of riginally government responsibilities. Meanwhile, they enjoy better development en- relevant laws and regulations