鲁迅为什么不看重《阿Q正传》--兼论国民性批判写作与启蒙主义之关系

鲁迅对<阿Q正传>的较低评价长期以来遭到了遮蔽.该文抉发有关文学史实,从创作主体自我评价、史家评述两方面证实了这一问题,并进而分析了其产生原因及其对20世纪文学的客观影响.该文认为,以<阿Q正传>为代表的五四启蒙文学之所以陷入客体化、非人化的写作误区,既是启蒙宗旨与国民性批判表述模式之间固有的缝隙所致,也与儒家传统的君子哲学深有关联.这一局限深刻地制约了20世纪中国文学的良性发展.

Why Lu Xun Underestimated The True Story of Ah Q:Discussion on the Relations Between Critical Writing on National Character and Didacticism

The truth of Lu Xun's underestimation of The True Story of Ah Q was shaded for a long time. This paper proves it from two aspects, one is from the writer's self-comment, the other from the historian's opinions. Furthermore, this paper analyzes its causes and its external influences on 20th century's literature. The paper holds that due to the inherent gap between the illuminative tenet and the expressing mode of national character criticism and Confucian gentlemen's philosophy, the May 4th illuminative literatures, represented by The True Story of Ah Q, got in the trap of objectized and inhumanized way. And this limitation blocked the healthy development of 20th century Chinese literature.