社会冲突与阶级意识——当代中国社会矛盾研究

如何认识和分析社会主义建设时期的社会矛盾,实际上存在着三 种路径: 第一种是"阶级斗争"的分析方法,它的基本假设和断定是,社会主 义时期的一切社会矛盾,归根结底是无产阶级和资产阶级的阶级斗争 的反映,共同的阶级就意味着共同的社会地位和共同的利益,后者又进 一步意味着共同的社会意愿、共同的社会态度和共同的社会行动。在 这种逻辑推论下,中国在改革开放前的很长一个时期,"以阶级斗争为

Social Conflict and Class Consciousness: A Research on Contradictions in China Today

In most of the previous studies of social stratification, one of the mainhypotheses is that the class identity and class consciousness, which are determined by the economic income and the social status, will determine again the social attitude and social action of the class. This is one kind of social action logics of class driven by the class interests.The present new social movements and the theory of risk society have revealed another kind of social action logic driven by the value conception and class identity. Based on an analysis of the findings of a social survey conducted from Nov. To Dec. , 2002 in 31 big cities (the cities under the jurisdiction of central government and the capitals of provinces) in the mainland of China,this paper has proved the existence of this logic.The results of the analysis indicate that the class identity is the most important factor in influencing the social attitude and the intention of the social actor, but it is not determined by the economic income and the occupational status.