中国地方高校可持续发展的管理制度设计——美加德日四国公立高等教育管理对中国的启示

管理体制不顺是制约中国地方高校发展的重要因素之一。从管理体制和财政资助两个方面介绍了美、加、德、日四国管理公立高等教育的做法,并归纳总结了其一些规律性方向,如省/州政府是公立高等教育的最主要管理和资助者,联邦政府对公立高等教育进行宏观管理,地方政府支持公立高等教育的管理,高度重视高校的办学自主权。结合中国高等教育改革和地方高校的管理实际,提出中央政府间接宏观管理高等教育,省级政府统筹管理高等教育,地方政府重在为高等教育的发展提供良好的外部条件等建议。

Designing Management System to Promote the Sustainable Development of Local Higher Education Institutions: Inspirations from the Higher Education Management Practice of the United States,Canada,Germany and Japan

The dissymmetry of management system is one of the most important factors that restrict the development of local higher education institution. The management practices of public higher education in the United States, Canada, Germany, and Japan are discussed from the perspective of management and funding system Some common practices of these countries are summarized, for example, provincial/state government is the most important manager and sponsor of public higher education; federal government conducts a macro-management on public higher education; the local government supports the management of public higher education; and the autonomy of university in operating and administrating has been fully emphasized and respected. Combining with the Chinese higher education reform and reality situation of local higher education institutions, it is suggested that the central government indirectly macro-manages higher education, provincial governments conduct integrated management on higher education, and local governments focuse on providing favorable external conditions for higher education.