在世界文化场域中的文学史建构——以近代日本文学史的建构为中心兼中日文学史比较研究

100多年前,中日两国前后出现了各自的文学史。中日两国近代国别文学史的建构是在世界文化场域中东西文化碰撞、交融的产物,是“国民国家”意识的产物。“中国文学史”的问世不仅受当时西方强势文化的促迫,而且是以日本为参照系,借鉴了日本笹川临风、古城贞吉的两种中国文学史著作的(1898年出版),明显地表现出在世界文化场域中的中日文学、文化的互动性,这是中日文学、文化交流从古代型进入近代型的一个突出特征。中日文学都是随时代发展而不断变貌,是个动态的构建。在世界文化场域中中日文学既有其共同性,也明显地存在差异,尤其在“意识形态性”上十分突出。

The Construction of Literary Histories in the Field of World Cultures——Centered on That of Modern Japanese History of Literature and a Comparative Research of literary Histories of China and Japan

Over a century ago, in Japan and China there respectively appeared histories of literature. The construction of those national accomplishments were the results of the cultural collision and blending between East and West and the outcome of their "Nation States" awareness. The writing and publication of The History of Chinese Literature was stimulated by the powerful Western culture and at the same time drew on the experiences of the two writings on Chinese literature history by Japanese scholars Sasakawa Rinnpuu and Kojyau Teikiyi published in 1898. That demonstrated clearly the interaction between the two cultures, which was the marked feature of Sino-Japanese literary and cultural exchanges turning from the ancient type to the modern one. Both the Chinese and Japanese literature is a dynamic process of construction, keeping abreast of the development of the changing times. In the literature of the two countries there exists sameness and obvious differences as well with the latter finding outstanding expression in ideology against the background of the field of world cultures.