论危险犯的危险状态与停止形态之认定

刑法学界在危险犯研究中存在对“危险状态”的误解、对具体危险犯与抽象危险犯不加区分或对二者的范围界定不清等问题,这使得对“危险状态”及停止形态无法正确认定。根据我国刑法规定,危险犯应以“足以发生某种实害结果的法定危险状态”为既遂的构成要件要素,对该“危险状态”判断时应瞻前顾后,根据客观事实以科学法则判断。在具体危险犯实行行为着手后,由于主客观因素的作用可以导致危险犯形成中止或未遂或既遂形态。

On the dangerous and suspended state of the potential damage offense

Misunderstanding of the dangerous state and mixing up concrete and abstract potential damage offense hinder the development of theory of potential damage offense.According to Chinese criminal law,the constitutive requirement of the potential damage offense is the existence of the statutory dangerous state.The base of the judgment of the dangerous state should be the objective fact,and the criterion should be the scientific rules.Therefore,it is necessary to organically combine the judgment in advance and the judgment afterwards.Because of subjective factors and objective factors are variable after the action of the potential damage offense had been carried out,the action may constitute a different kind of suspended state: discontinuation state or attempted state or one of the potential damage offense.