汉语修辞的美学思考

人的一生为什么乐此不疲地追求完美的语言表达形式?人在言语行为中为什么会有求美的动机?人的求美策略源于何处?笔者认为:宇宙、人、语言的全息关系是人类求美天性的必然性,而“耗散结构”是人类求美天性的表现形式。作为人类交际的工具,语言的一切结构和层次是人按照生命之本质———耗散结构建造而成的,人们在使用语言这个工具的时候,也总是要选择能够迎合自己生命动态平衡的需要并引起赏心悦耳的话语形式。人的言语行为充满着对抗死亡、远离绝对平衡的反熵倾向,这种倾向表现为人在言语行为中有一种永无止境地追求创造的快乐、美的享受的本能,为了追求美,他会在言语活动中,做永无休止的审美选择,人对语言的审美选择也就形成了修辞。

On Esthetics in Chinese Rhetoric

Why do people pursue perfection in expressing their feelings with language for life? Why do people have motive for beauty in speech action? Where does the strategy of seeking for beauty come from? The author maintains that the holography relationship between cosmos, person and language inevitably leads people to have instinct for beauty and the "dissipation structure" is the manifestation of human nature of seeking for beauty. All structures and levels of language, as a tool of human communication, are constructed according to the "dissipation structure", which is the nature of life. Therefore, people always intend to choose the speech manner which can cater for the need of life dynamic equilibrium and can cause enjoyable and pleasant feelings when people speak. The speech actions of human being are full of the tendency of resisting death and keeping away from absolute equilibrium, which exhibits the instinct of forever pursuing the happiness of creation and enjoying beauty in human speech actions. In order to pursue beauty, people would constantly make choices on words aesthetically in speech actions and then form rhetoric.