外国留学生形符书写偏误分析

以拼音文字记录母语的外国留学生的形符书写错误，表明学生一方面已经具备了一定的汉语能力，对汉字的形义关系也有了一个粗浅而模糊的认识，面对所记录的汉语词，他们可以由词义而词形、由词形而字形地推导演绎，显示出某种合乎逻辑的推理能力。但从另一方面讲，这些错误又混淆了作为语言单位的词与作为语言书写单位的汉字的界限，误将字所记录的词义甚至句义等同于形符的意义，并据以改写形符，将表示字义的形符当作汉语的表意单位。形符书写错误同时也表明学生对形符的把握还处于从非理性向理性过渡的中介状态。对这种中介状态的描述与研究应成为今后汉字教学与科研的重要课题

Error Analysis of Foreign Students' Picto-radicals of Chinese Characters

When they write picto radicals of Chinese characters, the students who have an alphabetic system of writing in their own language always have clerical errors in their writing. This kind of errors is mainly due to their own understanding of the relation between form and meaning of a Chinese character. This in fact displays that the students are somehow capable of using Chinese, and have got a rough sense of Chinese characters its forms and meanings. The writing errors, however, indicated that the students are confused about word and character, which are subjected to two different categories. The students take the meaning of a word or even a sentence represented by a Chinese character for the meaning of the relevant radical in this character. Hence, they rewrite some of the picto radicals; as a result, a picto-radical indicating the meaning of a character comes to be regarded as a unit in the semantic system of the language.