比较文学“译介学”的性质及其对象

比较文学译介学是比较文学学科赖以存在的传统基础。它的研究对象包含了文学翻译、翻译文学与翻译理论三个方面。这三个方面展开了译介学的三个不同层面:(1)对文学翻译的研究重在文学语言与转换之技术与技巧的研究,是对翻译损益之技术评估,作为传统翻译研究的主要对象,它是翻译学研究必备的基础条件。(2)对翻译文学文本的研究,重心则落在译本的价值评价之上,它所关心的重点是对不同译本间的比照与得失研究。(3)翻译理论研究则涉及翻译理论范式的转换及其意义的史论性研究。由此译介学的性质是对语言转换现象所导致的文学关系乃至文化关系间的沟通、理解、误解及其意义的理论探讨。

The Nature et the Object of the Translation Studies in Comparative Literature

By presenting translation as an important element of the disciplinary base of comparative literature, this article tries firstly to present the link of the birth of comparative literature to translation in Europe and than clarify the evolution, the nature and the object of "translation studies" developed as an independent discipline since the second half of the 20th century. This change can be considered as one of challenges to the existence of comparative literature as it was. By using the example of theoretical self-reflection in the field of cultural anthropology, this article ends in analyzing certain possibilities for the comparative literature to take up the gauntlet.