论19世纪中叶后日本汉文学的几个问题

19世纪中叶以后,日本汉文学变化极大,可以研究的问题很多。其中有三个问题论述者较少。一是对日本明治前夕志士文学的评价问题。简单地称明治前夕汉诗主流即志士诗,或简单地认为志士文学是当时汉文学最高峰,是不对的。所谓志士毕竟只占当时汉文学家少数,而且其大多在文坛上并不居重要地位;志士的诗文也并非都是志士文学,其中佳诗大多不能以志士诗目之。二是明治后汉文学中军国主义流毒的严重性。日本军国主义思潮自其萌芽时起流毒即无孔不入,浸润于日本文学各领域,首先就是某些志士文学;其后维新后到第二次世界大战,汉文学中军国主义流毒更为严重。从无名小卒到大官贵族,从杀人屠夫到高雅学者,都有人写鼓吹侵略的诗文。三是20世纪以来日本文学史书抹煞汉文学的错误问题。日本文学史书中,有赤裸裸直接贬斥汉文学的,也有用一些高超玄妙的理论和遮眼的手法来抹煞汉文学的。这种做法没有任何道理。

Some Issues on the Study of Han Literature Since the Mid-19th Century in Japan

Three issues on Han literature in Japan since the mid-19th century has been seldom studied.First, the issue on commentary of the Patriot Literature before the Meiji Restoration, in other words, the Patriot Literature was simply regarded as the main stream of Han poetry or as the paramount level of Han literature. This is a wrong idea. The second issue is the serious effect of militarism on Han literature after the Meiji Restoration. Japanese people ranging from common people, high- ranking officials to dist...