从新型城镇化的视角解决流动儿童问题

新型城镇化的基本思路就是要推进以人为核心的城镇化,解决流动儿童问题正是"推进以人为核心的新型城镇化"的重要组成部分。当前,流动儿童仍面临以下问题:接受义务教育情况明显改善,但流动少年在城市继续升学存在困难,就业弱势状况明显;跨省流动儿童的平等权益保障存在盲区,流动儿童集中的重点地区反成"不友好"城市;儿童进城有经济困难,产业工人家庭难团聚;流动儿童仍然不能平等享受公共卫生服务;学龄前流动儿童的入托、入园存在困难。为了解决这些问题,各级政府必须以满足流动人口及其家属的基本公共需求作为制定相关政策的基本出发点,从财政转移机制、改革高考制度、完善职业教育、加大城乡托幼机构建设、完善相关法律等方面入手解决流动儿童问题。

Solution to ihe Issue of Migrant Children under the Neo-urbanization Perspective

The basic idea of neo- urbanization is to promote the human-centered urban- ization. Solving the problem of migrant children is an important part of the neo-urbanization. At present, migrant children still face the following problems： despite obvious improvement in com- pulsory education, migrant youths are still difficult to continue high school in cities and disad- vantaged in terms of their employment status; it is difficult to guarantee the rights of inter-pro- vincial migrant children and the areas where migrant children concentrate seems unfriendly to them; children are hard to migrant into cities because of economic factors, and industrial work- ers are difficult to reunite with their families; migrant children cannot equally enjoy the public health services as local children; preschool migrant children enter kindergarten with difficulties. In order to solve these problems, governments at various levels have to meet the basic public needs of the floating population and their families. Related policies include setting up financial transfer mechanism, reforming the college entrance examination system, perfecting vocational education, increasing childcare facilities in urban areas, improving the relevant laws.