论政治文明的阶段性

阶段性是理解和探讨政治文明的重要理论视角。古希腊政治哲学确定了政治文明的基本内涵和逻辑结构,从现实城邦对理想政治模型的模仿和切近程度来评判政治文明发展的进步性质;中世纪神学政治观拓宽了研究政治文明的视野并以必然性充实了政治文明进步性的内涵;霍布斯、卢梭、黑格尔等思想家结合近代西方社会发展的现实,摒弃了中古时代政治文明进步性的狭隘传统和观念,使政治文明的理论和实践进入了现代阶段。政治文明的阶段性发展体现的理性主义传统对政治文明的实践产生着深刻影响。马克思主义在批判和扬弃近代西方资本主义理论和现实的基础上,提出了更为科学、更为先进的政治理论体系,把人类政治文明的发展推向了新的高度。

On the Periodical Development of Political Civilization

Periodical character is an important angle to understand and discuss political civilization. The ancient Greek political philosophy revealed the connotation and logic structure, to judge the progressive nature of political civilization from the closeness of the city-state to the idealistic political model. In the Mid-age, the theological political view widened the learning scope of political civilization and added the necessity into the progressive meaning of political civilization. In the modern time, the philosophers like Hobbes, Rousseau, Hegel, promoted political civilization into the modern stage in both theoretical and practical aspects, by abandoned the narrow view of political civilization of ancient and mid age. The rational tradition embodied in the periodical development of political civilization exerts great influence on the practice of political civilization. Marxism has promoted the development of political civilization into a higher stage by criticizing and sublating modern capitalist theory and practice and raising a more scientific, more progressive political theoretic system.