关系成分与地位获得——关系强度命题的理论拓展与经验检验

究竟是强关系抑或是弱关系更重要?对关系强度命题一直存在着不同的观点和证据。从社会交换的微观视角,指出传统观点仅仅偏重关系强度与嵌入性资源之间的关联,而忽视了其所反映的关系人帮助意愿与嵌入性资源水平对所动员社会资本的共同限制。基于总体社会结构之于社会位置的必要效率水平约束的宏观视角,强调入力资本之于社会资本因果机制的影响。提出了"关系成分假设":1)基于传统的社会资源因果作用机制,关系成分多样性与地位获得之间存在正向关联;2)基于以行动者人力资本水平为条件的节制性因果机制,关系成分多样性与地位获得正向关联,同时受到人力资本水平的节制。CGSS 2003数据和TSCS 972数据的观察结果支持"关系成分假设"。

Relationship Component and Status Attainment:Theory and Practice of the Relationship Strength Proposition

Opinions differ about the relative importance of the strong relationship and the weak relationship.The paper points out that the conventional view sees only the link between relationship strength and the embedded resources and ignores the influence of the willingness to help on the part of the relationship person and the level of the embedded resources upon the mobilization of the social capital.Based on the conviction that human resources capital and the social capital are inter-related,the paper proposes a relationship component hypothesis:the diversity of the relationship component are positively related to status attainment,and this positive relation is restrained by the level of human resources.The author also finds out that the CGSS2003 data and the TSCS972 data are supportive of this hypothesis.