论黑社会组织的三种基本形态

黑社会组织的发展规律是由低级向高级逐步发展,一般表现为:一般犯罪团伙(黑社会性质组织的基础或前身)→黑社会性质组织→黑社会组织→跨国黑社会组织(跨国有组织犯罪集团)。黑社会组织和黑社会性质组织是由组织、暴力、财力、势力范围四大要素结合而成的有机整体。研究它们之间的区别就要具体分析这四大组成要素及其整体性能。通过案例比较可以看出,黑社会组织,在组织、暴力、财力、势力范围四大要素及其整体功能方面,都高于黑社会性质组织。有组织犯罪集团实行跨国犯罪就是跨国有组织犯罪集团。有组织犯罪集团与跨国有组织犯罪集团的区别在于:是否实施了跨国犯罪或者是否在一个以上国家建立自己的组织。

On Three Basic Configuration of Gangland Organization

Generally speaking, the gangland organization develops from low - grade to high - grade which takes steps first as criminal group (usually the base of gangland organization) , then as gangland - alike organization, and to gangland organization, finally develops into multinational gangland organization. Gangland - alike organization and gangland organization funcdon as a whole through four factors as organization, violence, financial resource and orbit. In order to point out their differences, we have to analyze these four factors and their holistic characters. In this article, through case comparisons, we can conclude that gangland organization is far more advanced than gangland - alike organizations both in these four factors and in holistic characters. If the organized criminal group involves in a multinational crime, then it becomes the multinational gangland organization. And their differences lie in whether the organization has done multinational crime or has set up its organization in more than one country.