“X化”结构构成限制及条件

现代汉语中的“X化”能产性很强,功能上也很有特点,近年来的使用频率日趋上升,“X化”结构的词几乎每天都在增加。但是,我们常说:“现代化、工业化、规范化、绿化、美化、老化”等,却从不说:“(*雷锋化、*长化、*大化”等,这说明在“X化”内部一定蕴含着某种规律支配着这个结构的运转,“X化”的强大的能产性是受到一定限制的。本文根据调查结果[1]对这种限制做一些初步探讨,认为一个成分能否进入“X化”结构大概受到三个方面的限制:1)“X”本身在概念上的要求;2)语用频率上的限制;3)类推作用的影响。

On the Limitations and Conditions of "x-hua (nize)" in Chinese Philology

In modern Chinese philology“x- hua”(deriving perhaps from the import of English structure“nize”)as a grammaticastructure is prolific and has become one of the most frequently used phrase, and new words with“x- hua”are ever increasingXiandaihua (modernize), Gongyehua (industrialize), Guifanhua (standardize), Lǜhua (virescence), Meihua (beatify), Laohua (agingare common phrases in the Chinese vocabulary. However, not every word could be transformed into the“x- hua”structure. Thiindicates that a certain principle rules the realization of this structure, and its proliferation is limited to certain conditionsThis paper examines these issues based on the results of research, and points out three conditions for the realization of thstructur“ex- hua”, the demands of x, the frequency of x and the influence of analogy.