Estimations of parental and self intelligence as a function of parents’ status: A cross-cultural study in Germany and Spain |
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Authors: | Tuulia M. Ortner,Stephanie M. Mü llerRocio Garcia-Retamero |
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Affiliation: | a Freie Universität Berlin, Germany b University of Granada, Department of Experimental Psychology, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain c Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany |
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Abstract: | With reference to the extensively reported gender differences in estimated intelligence, we used a cross-cultural study to investigate whether employment status and education of mothers and fathers (at the time of data collection, in early childhood, and in later childhood) influenced the estimation of parents’ general intelligence. Data showed that mothers’ as well as fathers’ general intelligence was significantly predicted by their education and current employment status. We additionally found a similar relationship between women’s (men’s) and mothers’ (fathers’) intelligence compared with the relationship of intelligence ascribed to their fathers (mothers). Furthermore, women’s self-estimated intelligence was significantly predicted by their mothers’ current employment, whereas men’s self-estimated intelligence was predicted by their fathers’ education. We furthermore investigated how women’s and men’s estimations differ between Germany and Spain. Results indicate that the more pronounced gender segregation in Spain was not expressed in larger gender differences in self- or parents’ intelligence estimations. |
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Keywords: | Estimated intelligence Gender stereotype Parents&rsquo intelligence Gender role |
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