明清之际咏花诗中的“牡丹”意象与士人心态

明清之际诗歌中的"牡丹"意象普遍具有沉痛的时代烙印,与特殊的士人心态紧密相联。首先,与传统牡丹诗往往给人以歌舞升平、富贵美好的感受恰好相反,它被赋予了"故国"的象征意蕴,常常唤起诗人国破家亡、身世飘零的痛楚与繁华易逝的悲伤。其次,因其"故国"的象征意蕴,它还能使诗人重温旧梦,暂时忘怀现实的痛苦,获得片刻美好的体验,成为诗人"借以娱目肆志"的灵魂遁逃之所。再次,在象征富贵繁华的基础上,发展了象征内在人格精神之"富贵"的全新内涵。

"Peony" Imagery and Scholars' Mental State in the Ming and Qing Dynasty Poetry

In the Ming and Qing dynasty poetry, the "peony" image is generally marked with the painful stamps of the times, and is closely related to the special mentality of the literary intellectuals. First of all, in contrast with the traditional "peony" poems which always impress us with songs and dances, wealth and good feelings, it was endowed with the symbolic meaning of the motherland. So it always awoke the poet ''s sadness for the nation defeated and the home lost, the life faded and fallen, and the prosperity gone quickly. Secondly, because of its symbolic meaning of the motherland, the poet could come back and forget the pain of the reality and get a good experience for a moment. It became the soul refuges of the poet. Thirdly, on the basis of the symbol of prosperity, it developed the symbolic meaning:spiritually richest.